Balandžio 4-ąją pasaulyje minima Plagiocefalijos ir kaukolės skliauto deformacijų diena

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Balandžio 4-ąją pasaulyje minima Plagiocefalijos ir kaukolės skliauto deformacijų diena

2018-04-04 14:00

Balandžio 4-ąją pasaulyje minima Plagiocefalijos ir kaukolės skliauto deformacijų diena. Jos tikslas – atkreipti dėmesį į šią problemą, informuoti medikų bendruomenę bei tėvus, skleisti žinią apie prevenciją.

2013 metais atliktos studijos duomenimis, net 46,6 proc. kūdikių 7-12 savaičių amžiaus turėjo mažesnių ar didesnių plagiocefalijos požymių [1]. Plagiocefalijos ir kitų tipų pozicinių deformacijų dažniausiai galima išvengti (išskyrus tuos atvejus, kuomet deformacija vyksta gimdoje ar gimdymo metu): dažnai keičiant kūdikio padėtis, naudojant kokybišką ortopedinę pagalvę, saikingai naudojant kūdikių priežiūrai skirtą įrangą.

Plagiocefaliją svarbu pastebėti ankstyvame amžiuje. Korekcija efektyviausia pirmuosius 4 mėnesius. Kraniometras – CE Klasės 1 medicininė priemonė, skirta įvertinti kūdikio galvytės formą. Taip pat tėvai fotografuodami savo kūdikį gali pastebėti pokyčius.

2016 metų pabaigoje Tarptautinis neurochirurgų kongresas išleido gaires [2], koks turėtų būti korekcijos planas. Kuomet kūdikis mažas arba jeigu deformacija nedidelė, siūloma taikyti konservatyvias priemones: padėčių keitimą, kineziterapiją bei ortopedines pagalves. Gairėse rašoma, kad kineziterapija yra veiksmingesnė nei padėčių keitimas, o ortopedinės pagalvės gali būti efektyvesnės už kineziterapiją. Tačiau pagalves reikia rinktis atsakingai – jos turi būti saugios kūdikiui ir nekelti uždusimo rizikos. Specialūs ortopediniai šalmai rekomenduojami sunkiais atvejais ir tuomet, kai kitos konservatyvesnės priemonės taikytos keletą mėnesių buvo neveiksmingos. 

1 http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/early/2013/07/02/peds.2012-3438
2 https://academic.oup.com/neurosurgery/article/79/5/623/2835689

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